@Article{VedovatoCABPABBBCFFMMMMOPPQSSSF:2023:AnFiEn,
               author = "Vedovato, Laura B. and Carvalho, Lidiany C. S. and Arag{\~a}o, 
                         Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de and Bird, Michael and Phillips, 
                         Oliver L. and Alvarez, Patr{\'{\i}}cia and Barlow, Jos and 
                         Bartholomew, David C. and Berenguer, Erika and Castro, Wendeson 
                         and Ferreira, Joice and Fran{\c{c}}a, Filipe M. and Malhi, 
                         Yadvinder and Marimon, Beatriz and Marimon J{\'u}nior, Ben Hur 
                         and Monteagudo, Abel and Oliveira, Edmar A. and Pereira, Luciana 
                         O. and Pontes Lopes, Aline and Quesada, Carlos A. and Silva, 
                         Camila V. J. and Silva Espejo, Javier E. r and Silveira, Marcos 
                         and Feldpausch, Ted R.",
          affiliation = "{University of Exeter} and {University of Exeter} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {James Cook 
                         University} and {University of Leeds} and {Duke University} and 
                         {Lancaster University} and {University of Exeter} and {Lancaster 
                         University} and {Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC)} and {Embrapa 
                         Amaz{\^o}nia Oriental} and {University of Bristol} and 
                         {University of Oxford} and {Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso 
                         (UEMAT)} and {Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UEMAT)} and 
                         {Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco} and 
                         {Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UEMAT)} and {University of 
                         Exeter} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and 
                         {Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amaz{\^o}nia (IPAM)} and 
                         {Universidad de La Serena} and {Universidade Federal do Acre 
                         (UFAC)} and {University of Exeter}",
                title = "Ancient fires enhance Amazon forest drought resistance",
              journal = "Frontiers in Forests and Global Change",
                 year = "2023",
               volume = "6",
                pages = "e1024101",
             keywords = "carbon sequestration, forest composition, historical fires, soil 
                         fertility, soil pyrogenic carbon, water deficit, wood density.",
             abstract = "Drought and fire reduce productivity and increase tree mortality 
                         in tropical forests. Fires also produce pyrogenic carbon (PyC), 
                         which persists in situ for centuries to millennia, and represents 
                         a legacy of past fires, potentially improving soil fertility and 
                         water holding capacity and selecting for the survival and 
                         recruitment of certain tree life-history (or successional) 
                         strategies. We investigated whether PyC is correlated with 
                         physicochemical soil properties, wood density, aboveground carbon 
                         (AGC) dynamics and forest resistance to severe drought. To achieve 
                         our aim, we used an Amazon-wide, long-term plot network, in 
                         forests without known recent fires, integrating site-specific 
                         measures of forest dynamics, soil properties and a unique soil PyC 
                         concentration database. We found that forests with higher 
                         concentrations of soil PyC had both higher soil fertility and 
                         lower wood density. Soil PyC was not associated with AGC dynamics 
                         in non-drought years. However, during extreme drought events (10% 
                         driest years), forests with higher concentrations of soil PyC 
                         experienced lower reductions in AGC gains (woody growth and 
                         recruitment), with this drought-immunizing effect increasing with 
                         drought severity. Forests with a legacy of ancient fires are 
                         therefore more likely to continue to grow and recruit under 
                         increased drought severity. Forests with high soil PyC 
                         concentrations (third quartile) had 3.8% greater AGC gains under 
                         mean drought, but 33.7% greater under the most extreme drought 
                         than forests with low soil PyC concentrations (first quartile), 
                         offsetting losses of up to 0.68 Mg C ha1yr1 of AGC under extreme 
                         drought events. This suggests that ancient fires have legacy 
                         effects on current forest dynamics, by altering soil fertility and 
                         favoring tree species capable of continued growth and recruitment 
                         during droughts. Therefore, mature forest that experienced fires 
                         centuries or millennia ago may have greater resistance to current 
                         short-term droughts.",
                  doi = "10.3389/ffgc.2023.1024101",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1024101",
                 issn = "2624-893X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "ffgc-06-1024101.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}